My Body
Adolescence is the state or process of growing up, from being a child to becoming an adult.
During the pre-teen and teen years, young people go through lots of changes as their bodies develop into adult bodies.
The process usually begins between 10 and 13 years of age (the start of puberty) and continues until 18 or 20 years, but it can happen earlier or later.
Puberty is when changes start to happen to young people as they move from being children to adults and become sexually mature. Lots of changes happen and the most noticeable ones are changes to the body.
There is more information about feelings and urges under the section –Dealing with sexual feelings safely, respectfully and healthily
- The first sign of puberty is often a growth spurt (suddenly getting taller), but everyone is different.
- Girls typically start puberty before boys do.
- The changes depend on your individual genes as well as biological sex, which means being female, male or intersex.
- If you have a disability or illness, this may affect when and how you experience some changes in puberty.
- No one knows for sure when these changes will start. Developing earlier or later than other people does not mean that there is something wrong.
- Everybody has their own natural timetable. Bodies develop at their own special rate.
Inside every cell of each living thing (plant or animal) are sets of instructions called genes. The genes provide the instructions on what the plant or animal is, what it looks like, how it is to survive, and how it will interact with its surrounding environment.
Hormones are like little chemical messengers. They control what is happening in our bodies and they also affect the way we think and feel.Some hormones cause changes in how we grow. Others affect our immune systems. Hormones even affect whether we feel hot or thirsty! Our bodies start to produce a special set of hormones as we go through puberty.
Oil glands in the scalp become more active Hair can become oilier and might need washing more often
Skin produces more oil May develop pimples
Sweat glands become more active adult body smell develops
Body areas that have more of these glands are:
➤ Under the arms
➤ Palms of the hands
➤ Under the feet
➤ Between the legs
Sometimes nervousness or anxiety increases sweating. Sweat by itself doesn’t smell, but when it mixes with bacteria (germs) on the skin, a smell develops.
For the sake of hygiene, it is important to wash your body as often as you can and wear clean clothes.
Deodorants control the underarm odour (smell), but they do not take the place of washing. Make sure you wash yourself thoroughly at least once a day if you can.
Do not use vaginal deodorant sprays.
Avoid douching – it is unnecessary and can be harmful. “Douching” means washing out the inside of the vagina. The vagina is a self-cleaning organ and regular washing with clean water is enough.
When sweat gets trapped inside shoes, germs (bacteria and fungus) grow. This can cause the rotten smell that sometimes comes from feet and shoes
Ways to help reduce smelly feet:
➤ Don’t let bacteria build up in your shoes
➤ Keep your feet clean and dry them well after washing
➤ Wash your shoes (if washable)
➤ Dry them before wearing
➤ Leave shoes to air overnight
➤ Cotton socks are best
- The hair all over your body is affected by changes in hormones during puberty.
- The hair on your head can become oilier and may need to be washed more often.
- Hair grows under your arms and in your pubic area.
- Hair on your arms and legs (and sometimes on your face and chest) becomes thicker and darker.
- Body hair is normal. It is not unhealthy and is nothing to be embarrassed about.
Some people like to remove the hair from their faces and / or bodies, others don’t. It’s a personal choice.
If you want to remove, trim or shape facial or body hair, be sure to do it safely. Always use clean instruments and follow instructions.
Shaving
➤ It cuts hair away at the level of your skin’s surface
➤ Hair will grow out quickly, and will look as though it is darker and thicker
➤ Always clean razors after use. Never lend/borrow a razor (as it spreads germs)
➤ Pull the razor against the direction of your hair
➤ Soften hair by soaking it in warm water
➤ Use soapy lather or shaving cream/lotion
Skin might burn or sting if you use deodorant right after shaving.
Shaving cuts the hair at an angle, leaving a sharp tip, which can loop back, pierce the skin and grow inwards, causing infections (cysts – big pimples – or fluid under your skin). These are called ingrown hairs.
Cutting, clipping or not shaving at all:
The best way to avoid the problem of bumps is not to shave at all. Some people cut their facial hair close to the skin with hairclippers, leaving a little stubble.
Bleach
Bleaching lightens the hair but can burn your skin, not a good method if you have darker skin
Plucking
Tweezers pull out hairs one at a time and are best for removing stray hairs. Do not pull-out hairs from moles (a common type of skin growth which often appear as small, dark brown spots).
Hair removal creams
These creams contain chemicals that dissolve hair just below the level of your skin. Follow directions carefully as it can be very irritating for some skins. Always test a small patch and see if any problems occur.
Waxes
Hot or cold wax is applied to your skin and then pulled off, taking the hairs with it. Hair takes a longer time to grow back as the whole hair is pulled out. Waxing is best done by a professional.
Electrolysis/laser
This is permanent hair removal done by a trained technician using an electric current to destroy the hair at its root. This method is expensive and quite painful.
Lots of teenagers get pimples and acne during puberty but most skin problems go away after puberty.
During puberty, the oil glands underneath the skin start making more oil (called sebum). Sometimes there’s too much sebum and this, together with dead skin cells, causes blockages on the surface of the skin.
Bacteria (germs) on the skin cause inflammation and this results in pimples.
- Skin coloured bumps – pimples
- Black dots on your skin – blackheads – caused by a chemical reaction to the sebum when air reaches it
- White dots on your skin – whiteheads – when the opening is too small for air to cause the chemical reaction
Some Tips
- Don’t squeeze pimples – this can cause scarring
- Drink lots of fresh water
- Some research suggests changing your diet
- Avoid oil-based creams and cosmetics – they can clog pores
- Find out about safe acne lotions and creams from the chemist
- Wash your face often but don’t scrub it or use abrasives; blackheads and pimples are not caused by dirt on the skin
How a pimple develops
If you could see inside your skin, it would look a bit like this (*not biologically accurate)
No two girls are exactly the same. Puberty changes can start happening from the age of about 9 years. Some girls start even earlier, and others when they are older.
If you are disabled, exactly the same processes will happen to your body at puberty.
If you are intersex, your body changes will depend on how your internal and external sex organs develop.
For more information about intersex, please visit More about intersex
Breasts get bigger. This is because the level of hormones goes up and that changes the amount of fluid in the breasts. They may be tender or sore.
Nipples and surrounding skin get darker in colour.
Hips get broader – waist seems smaller.
Hair grows in the armpits and pubic area. Hair on arms, legs and face can become thicker and darker.
Periods start (menstruation).
For more on menstruation, please visit What is Menstruation.
Girls may experience increased vaginal discharge.
Vaginas are self-cleaning.
Small amounts of fluid are made inside the vagina and cervix, carrying out old cells that have lined the vagina. This is the body’s way of keeping the vagina healthy.
The discharge is clear or milky and does not smell bad.
- At the time of the month when the egg comes out of the ovaries
- During breastfeeding
- When sexually excited
Do not douche (wash out the vagina) or insert anything into it. See a nurse or doctor if the discharge smells bad.
People with disabilities might need extra help understanding and managing the changes in their bodies.
The first sign of puberty is often a growth spurt (suddenly getting taller).
No two boys are exactly the same. Puberty changes can start happening between nine-and-a-half and about 10-and-a-half years of age. Some boys start even earlier, and others when they are older.
If you have a disability exactly the same processes will happen to your body at puberty.
If you are intersex, your body changes will depend on how your internal and external sex organs develop. For more information about intersex, please visit More about intersex.
Some changes that happen:
- The voice changes, sometimes ‘cracks’ (that means it suddenly becomes lower or higher while talking) and become deeper
- Muscles get thicker
- Shoulders get wider
- Nipples get bigger and darker. They may be tender or sore.
- Testicles start producing sperm.
- Hairs grows on the face, as well as on the legs and arms.Hair grows on the chest, as well as under arms and between the legs.
People with disabilities might need extra help understanding and managing changes in their bodies.
It is important to note that this is a rough guide – everyone’s journey is different
Typical Direction Boys
- 10½-17½ years: Growth of scrotum and testes
- 10½-18½ years: Change in voice
- 11-18½ years: Lengthening of the penis
- 11-14 years: Growth of pubic hair
- 12-17 years: Growth spurt – PEAK and change in body shape
- 13-18½ years: Growth of facial and underarms hair
Typical Direction Girls
- 10½-17½ years: Growth of underarm hair
- 12-16½ years: Change in body shape
- 12½-16½ years: Adult breast size
- 8½-13 years: Breast budding
- 8½-14 years: Growth of pubic hair
- 9½-14½ years: Growth spurt – PEAK
- 9½-16 years: First period (menarche)
We all go through puberty at different times. We are all different. Just look at our KT Cares characters.
As we grow and go through physical and emotional changes, the important thing to remember is to embrace the body that each of us has and to feel good about it.
No matter what our size or shape, all of us always deserve love and respect, especially from ourselves.
Ask yourself:
- what does my body do for me?
- what do I love about my body?
- what is unique about me?
- what can I do to help my body stay strong and healthy?
There are three basic human body types and most of us do not completely fit into one category. Many of us are a combination of two body types.
Some of us are tall, some are short, some are thinner, some are fatter. Some of us have lots of hair, some have less. There are many different shapes and sizes and they are all normal:
- Narrow and wider waists
- Wider or narrow shoulders
- Big or small feet and hands
- Shorter or longer legs
- More or less muscular
- Bigger or smaller bone structure
Exercise and eating fresh vegetables help keep us healthy.
The three most common basic body types:
- Endomorph - rounder with soft curves, more body fat
- Ectomorph - slimmer and less curvy
- Mesomorph - wider shoulders, slim hips, more muscular
Our basic body type cannot be changed. Shape can be changed a little by different eating or exercise.
If you are Type A, you will never look like a Type B or C. Lots of exercise and the healthiest food you can eat is the best way to maintain a healthy weight.
Always take your body type into account when you are thinking about whether you might be too fat or too thin.
Some girls have big breasts while others have medium-sized or small ones.
Girls may also have:
- Big or small hips and bottoms
- Narrow or wider waists
- Wide or narrow shoulders
- Big or small feet and hands
- Shorter or longer legs
- Big or small thighs
- More or less muscles
- Bigger or smaller bones
Vulvas – the outside parts of female genitals – are all different too. There are many shapes and sizes: the clitoris might be bigger or smaller and the labia shorter or longer For more information, please visit Female reproductive (sex) organs.
In some cultural groups girls are taught to stretch their labia (folds of skin of the vulva). This is not harmful but no one should be forced to do it. Some cultures examine girls’ genitals to try to see if they had had sex (a practice called “virginity testing”). No one is allowed to do anything to your body without your agreement. This is called the right to bodily integrity.
In several African countries, cutting off a girls’ genitals is practised as part of cultural and ethnic identity. Removing any part of the female genitals (sex organs) for non-medical reasons is female genital mutilation (FGM). FGM can cause death or permanent health problems as well as severe pain and distress. FGM is a violation of girls’ and women’s human rights. Most countries have made it illegal but it still happens to millions of girls. It is important to make sure girls who have been through FGM get proper healthcare and are not teased or treated badly because their bodies look different to other girls.
Breasts come in all different shapes and sizes. A mom’s breast size does not mean her daughter’s breast size will be the same.
Busting some myths
- Sexiness has nothing to do with breast size
- Sleeping face down will not affect breast size
- Wearing a bra will not affect the shape or size of breasts
Some facts:
- It is important to find a bra that is comfortable and fits properly
- A bra should give you the support you need (eg a sports bra)
- Boys’ breasts also swell during puberty and come sometimes become quite tender and painful
Finding the correct bra size
To work out your bra size (in inches)
- First measure around your chest just below breasts. Add six to that number
- Add six to that number
- If the number is even (e.g. 30, 32, 34, 46, 38, 40, etc.) then that is your bra size
- If the number is uneven (e.g. 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, etc.) subtract 1 inch to get your bra size
How to work out cup size:
- Measure around the fullest part of your breasts, across the nipples
- If the number is less than the bra size, your cup size is AAA
- If the number is the same as the bra size, your cup size is AA
- 1 inch more, your cup size is A
- 2 inches more, your cup size is B
- 3 inches more, your cup size is C
- 4 inches more, your cup size is D
Some boys are tall, some are short, some are thinner, some are fatter. Some have lots of hair, others have less. There are many different shapes and sizes:
➤ Narrow or wider waists
➤ Thicker or thinner necks
➤ Stringy or broad muscles
➤ Wider or narrow shoulders
➤ Big or small feet and hands
➤ Shorter or longer legs
➤ Bigger or smaller boned
Penises are all different too. There are many shapes and sizes: long, short, fat or thin. Penises get bigger when they are erect. Being afraid, cold or nervous reduces the blood inside the penis, making it look smaller. Some are circumcised, others are not. For more information, please visit Male reproductive (sex) organs
Circumcision is a procedure in which the foreskin, the skin covering the tip of the penis, is removed.
In some religions, a baby boy is circumcised when he is a few days old. In some cultures, circumcision is practiced as an important part of passing from adolescence into manhood. Some boys and men get circumcised for health reasons. Medical male circumcision can reduce the risk of males getting infected with HIV during sex. Whether circumcised or not, you should wash your genitals every day. If uncircumcised, your foreskin should be pulled back as far as it will comfortably go when you wash.
Circumcision should only be performed voluntarily – with your consent. You have the right to “bodily integrity”. This means that no one can do anything to your body without your permission.
Umzimba Wami
Ubusha yisimo noma indlela yokukhula, kusukela ebunganeni kuya ekubeni umuntu omdala.
Phakathi neminyaka engaphambi kwelishumi nangaphezudlwana kwelishumi, abantu abasha babhekana nezinguquko eziningi njengoba imizimba yabo ikhula iba yimizimba yabantu abadala.
Ukukhula ngokujwayelekile kuqala phakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 neyi-13 (ukuqala kokuthomba) futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-18 noma engama-20, kodwa kungenzeka ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma kamuva.
Ukuthomba yilapho izinguquko ziqala khona ukwenzeka entsheni njengoba isuka ekubeni yizingane iba ngabantu abadala futhi ivuthwa ngokobulili. Ziningi izinguquko ezenzakalayo futhi eziphawulekayo ikakhulukazi izinguquko emzimbeni.
Kunolwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nemizwa nezifiso ngaphansi kwesigaba –Ukubhekana nemizwa yocansi ngokuphephile, ngenhlonipho nangokwempilo.
- Uphawu lokuqala lokuthomba ngokujwayelekile ukukhula ngesivinini (ngokushesha ube mude), kodwa wonke umuntu uhlukile.
- Amantombazane ngokujwayelekile aqala ukuthomba kuqala kunabafana.
- Izinguquko zincike ohlotsheni lwakho lofuzo kanye nasebulilini ngokomzimba wakho, okusho ukuzalwa ungowesifazane, owesilisa noma ubulilimbili.
- Uma unokukhubazeka noma ukugula, lokhu kungase kube nomthelela ukuthi ubhekana nini futhi kanjani nezinguquko ezithile ekuthombeni.
- Akekho owazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lezi zinguquko zizoqala nini. Ukuvela kwazo ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma kamuva kunabanye abantu akusho ukuthi kukhona okungalungile.
- Wonke umuntu unohlelo lwakhe lwezikhathi olungokwemvelo. Imizimba ikhula ngezinga layo elikhethekile.
Kuwo wonke amaseli ayo yonke into ephilayo (isitshalo noma isilwane) kunamasethi emiyalelo ebizwa ngokuthi izakhi zofuzo. Izakhi zofuzo zinikeza imiyalelo yokuthi siyini isitshalo noma isilwane, ukuthi sibukeka kanjani, kufanele siphile kanjani, nokuthi sizosebenzisana kanjani nendawo esizungezile.
Amahomoni afana nezithunywa zamakhemikhali ezincane. Zilawula okwenzeka emizimbeni yethu futhi zinomthelela endleleni esicabanga ngayo nesizizwa ngayo. Amanye amahomoni adala izinguquko endleleni esikhula ngayo. Ezinye zithinta amasosha ethu omzimba. Amahomoni anomthelela ngisho wokuthi siyakuzwa yini ukushisa noma ukoma! Imizimba yethu iqala ukukhiqiza uhlobo olukhethekile lwamahomoni njengoba sidlula ekuthombeni.
Izindlala zikawoyela ekhanda zisebenza kakhulu. Izinwele zakho zingaba namafutha futhi zingadinga ukugezwa kaningi.
Isikhumba sikhiqiza uwoyela noma amafutha amaningi. Ungase ube nezinduna.
Izindlala zomjuluko zisebenza kakhulu iphunga lomzimba womuntu omdala liyakhula.
Ngesikhathi sokuthomba, izindlala zomjuluko zisebenza kakhulu (zikhiqiza umjuluko othe xaxa). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukujuluka.
Izindawo zomzimba ezinezindlala eziningi yilezi:
- Ngaphansi kwezingalo
- Ezintendeni zezandla
- Phakathi kwemilenze
- Ngaphansi kwezinyawo
Ukujuluka kuyimpilo. Inhloso yakho enkulu ukusiza umzimba ukuthi uhlale upholile. Umjuluko wakhiwa ikakhulukazi amanzi anenani elincane lamakhemikhali.
Ngezinye izikhathi uvalo noma ukukhathazeka kwandisa ukujuluka. Umjuluko uwodwa awunuki, kodwa uma uxubana namabhakthiriya (amagciwane) esikhumbeni, kuvela iphunga.
Ngenhloso yenhlanzeko, kubalulekile ukugeza umzimba wakho kaningi ngokunokwenzeka futhi ugqoke izingubo ezihlanzekile.
Iziqedaphunga (deodorants) zilawula iphunga langaphansi kwekhwapha, kodwa aziqedi isidingo sokugeza. Qiniseka ukuthi ugeza kahle okungenani kanye ngosuku uma ungakwazi.
Ungasebenzisi izifutho zesiqedaphunga zesitho sangasese.
Gwema ukugeza ingaphakathi lomgudu wesitho sangasese (douching) ngamanzi nanoma ngani okunye - akudingekile futhi kungaba yingozi. Umgudu wesitho sangasese sowesifazane uyisitho esizihlanzayo futhi ukuwugeza njalo ngamanzi ahlanzekile kwanele.
Lapho umjuluko uvaleleka ezicathulweni, amagciwane kanye nefangasi (isikhunta) kuyakhula. Lokhu kungabangela iphunga elibolile elivela ezinyaweni nasezicathulweni ngezinye izikhathi.
Izindlela ezisiza ukunciphisa izinyawo ezinukayo:
- Ungawavumeli amagciwane abe sezicathulweni zakho
- Gcina izinyawo zakho zihlanzekile futhi uzomise kahle ngemva kokugeza
- Geza izicathulo zakho (uma zigezeka)
- Zomise ngaphambi kokuzigqoka
- Shiya izicathulo zishaywa ngumoya ebusuku
- Amasokisi kakotini angcono kakhulu
- Izinwele ezisemzimbeni wakho wonke ziyathinteka ngokushintsha kwamahomoni ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
- Izinwele ezisekhanda lakho zingaba namafutha futhi kungase kudingeke zigezwe kaningi.
- Izinwele zikhula ngaphansi kwamakhwapha nasesithweni sangasese.
- Uboya ezingalweni nasemilenzeni yakho (futhi ngezinye izikhathi nasebusweni nasesifubeni) buyanda futhi bube mnyama.
- Uboya emzimbeni bujwayelekile. Akusho ukuthi awuphilile futhi akuyona into ongaba namahloni ngayo.
Abanye abantu bayathanda ukususa uboya obusebusweni kanye/ noma emzimbeni, abanye ababususi. Kuwukuzikhethela kwakho.
Uma ufuna ukususa, ukugunda noma ukunikeza umumo wezinwele ebusweni noma emzimbeni, qiniseka ukukwenza lokho ngendlela ephephile. Njalo sebenzisa amathuluzi ahlanzekile futhi ulandele imiyalelo.
Ukushefa:
- Kugunda izinwele ezingeni lesikhumba sakho
- Izinwele zizokhula ngokushesha futhi zibukeke sengathi zimnyama futhi zicinene
- Hlanza njalo izinsingo ngemva kokusetshenziswa. Ungalokothi uboleke/ubolekise insingo (njengoba yandisa amagciwane)
- Donsela insingo ohlangothini lwezinwele zakho
- Thambisa izinwele ngokuzicwilisa emanzini afudumele
- Sebenzisa igwebu elinensipho noma ukhilimu wokushefa/ukugcoba
Isikhumba singasha noma sincinze uma usebenzisa isiqedaphunga ngemva nje kokushefa.
Ukushefa kunquma izinwele nge-engela elishiya ichopho elicijile, elingahlehlela emuva, libhoboze isikhumba futhi likhulele ngaphakathi, okubangela ukutheleleka (amaqhakuva angaba nobovu – izinduna ezinkulu - noma uketshezi ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho). Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi izinwele ezingenayo (ingrown hairs).
Ukusika, ukugunda noma ukungashefi nhlobo:
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema inkinga yamaqhuqhuva ukungagundi nhlobo. Abanye abantu bagunda uboya babo bobuso eduze kwesikhumba ngokunqamula izinwele, kushiya izinhlanga ezincane.
Ukusika, ukugunda noma ukungashefi nhlobo:
Ukushintsha umbala wezinwele (bleaching) kwenza izinwele zikhanye kodwa kungasishisa isikhumba sakho, akuyona indlela enhle uma unesikhumba esimnyama.
Ukusiphula
Abathwizayo (tweezers) badonsa izinwele olulodwa ngesikhathi futhi kungcono kakhulu ekususeni izinwele ezngadingeki. Ungadonsi izinwele ezimileni ezisesikhumbeni (moles) ezivame ukuvela njengamachashaza amancane, ansundu ngokumnyama).
Okugcotshwayo ukususa izinwele (creams)
Labo khilimu banamakhemikhali ancibilikisa izinwele ngaphansana nje kwesikhumba sakho. Landela imiyalelo ngokucophelela njengoba kungase kuziphathe kabi kakhulu ezinye izikhumba. Hlola njalo isiqeshana esincane sesikhumba ubone ukuthi zikhona yini izinkinga ezenzekayo.
Ama-Waxes
I-wax eshisayo noma ebandayo igcotshwa esikhumbeni sakho bese ikhishwa, Isuka nezinwele. Izinwele zithatha isikhathi eside ukuthi zikhule njengoba kusuke kukhishwe zonke izinwele. I-waxing yenziwa kangcono nguchwepheshe.
I-Electrolysis/laser
Lokhu wukususwa koboya unomphela okwenziwa uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe esebenzisa amandla kagesi ukuqeda izinwele ezimpandeni zazo. Le ndlela iyabiza futhi ibuhlungu impela.
Iningi lentsha lithola izinduna ne-acne ngesikhathi sokuthomba kodwa izinkinga eziningi zesikhumba ziyaphela ngemva kokuthomba.
Ngesikhathi sokuthomba, izindlala zikawoyela ezingaphansi kwesikhumba ziqala ukwenza amafutha athe xaxa (okuthiwa i-sebum). Ngezinye izikhathi kuba ne-sebum eningi kakhulu futhi lokhu, kanye namaseli esikhumba afile, kubangela ukuvaleka kwezimbotshana ngaphezu kwesikhumba.
Ibhakthiriya (amagciwane) esikhumbeni adala ukuqubuka futhi lokhu kubangela izinduna.
Izimbotshana ezivalekile zingaholela:
- Amaqhuqhuva afana nesikhumba - izinduna
- Amachashazi amnyama esikhumbeni sakho - amakhanda amnyama - okubangelwa ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali ku-sebum lapho umoya ufinyelela kuso
- Amachashazi amhlophe esikhumbeni sakho - amakhanda amhlophe - lapho imbobo incane kakhulu ukuthi ingakwazi ukubangela ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali, njengakumakhanda amnyama.
Izinduna ezinamakhanda amnyama nezinamakhanda amhlophe ziwuhlobo olungenamandla atheni e-acne.
Ezinye izeluleko
- Ungazikhami izinduna - lokhu kungabangela izibazi
- Phuza amanzi amaningi ahlanzekile
- Olunye ucwaningo lululeka ukushintsha indlela odla ngayo
- Gwema okhilimu nezimonyo ezenziwe ngamafutha - zingavala izimbotshana
- Funa ulwazi maqondana nokokugcoba izinduna okuphephile- okokugcoba ongakuthenga ekhemisi
- Geza ubuso bakho kaningi kodwa ungabukhuhli noma usebenzise izinto ezibuhlikihlayo. Amakhanjana amnyama nezinduna akubangelwa wukungcola esikhumbeni
- Izikhumba ezimnyama zingashintsha umbala ngenxa yensipho ehlikihlayo/izikhuhla
- Khuluma nodokotela uma izinkinga zesikhumba sakho ziba zimbi
Zenzeka kanjani izinduna:
Uma ubungabona ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sakho, bekuzobukeka kanjena (*hhayi ngokunembile ngokwebhayoloji)
Awekho amantombazane amabili afana nse. Izinguquko zokuthomba zingaqala ukwenzeka kusukela eminyakeni engaba yisi-9. Amanye amantombazane aqala ngisho nangaphambi kwalesi khathi, kanti amanye aqala lapho esekhulile.
Uma ukhubazekile, izinqubo ezifanayo ncamashi zizokwenzeka emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
Uma ubulilimbili, umzimba wakho uyashintsha kuzoncika ekutheni izitho zakho zobulili zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zikhula kanjani.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nobulilimbili, sicela uvakashele Kabanzi Ngobulilimbili
Amabele aba makhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinga lamahomoni liyakhuphuka futhi lokho kushintsha inani loketshezi emabeleni. Angase athambe noma abe buhlungu.
Izingono nesikhumba esizungezile kuba mnyama ngombala.
Izinqulu zibabanzi - ukhalo lubonakala luluncane
Uboya buyakhula emakhwapheni nasendaweni yesitho sangasese. Uboya ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasebusweni buba buningana futhi bube mnyama.
Kuyaqala ukuya esikhathini.
Ukuze uthole okuthe xaxa ngokuya esikhathini, sicela uvakashele Kuyini Ukuya esikhathini?
Izitho zangasese ziyazihlanza.
Uketshezi oluncane lwenziwa ngaphakathi kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nomlomo wesibeletho, lukhipha amaseli amadala emgudwini wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lena indlela yomzimba yokugcina isitho sangasese sowesifazane siphilile.
Okuphumayo (discharge) kucwengekile noma kusalubisana futhi akunuki kabi.
Uketshezana oluphumayo lungashuba:
- Ngesikhathi senyanga uma iqanda liphuma kuma-ovari
- Ngesikhathi sokuncelisa
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhanyelwa
Ungakhaphezeli noma ugeze umgudu wesitho sangasese noma ushutheke into kuwo. Bona unesi noma udokotela uma okuphumayo kunuka kabi.
Abakhubazekile bangase badinge usizo oluthe xaxa ukuqonda nokulawula ushintsho emzimbeni wabo.
Uphawu lokuqala lokuthomba ngokuvamile ukukhula ngesivinini (ngokushesha uba mude).
Abekho abafana ababili abafana ncamashi. Izinguquko zokuthomba zingaqala ukwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye nesigamu kanye neli-10 nengxenye yobudala. Abanye abafana baqala ngisho nangaphambi kwalesi khathi, kanti abanye sebekhulile.
Uma unokukhubazeka inqubo efanayo izokwenzeka emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
Uma ubulilimbili, uguquko emzimbeni wakho luzoncika ekutheni izitho zakho zobulili zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zikhula kanjani. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nobulilimbili, sicela uvakashele Okwengeziwe mayelana ngobulilimbili
Olunye ugshintsho olwenzekayo:
- Izwi liyashintsha, ngezinye izikhathi ‘liqhekeke’ (lokho kusho ukuthi livele libe phansi noma libe phezulu lapho ukhuluma) futhi lijule
- Izicubu ziyaqina
- Amahlombe aba banzi
- Izibele ziya ziba nkulu futhi zibe mnyama. Zingase zithambe noma zibe buhlungu.
- Amankwahla aqala ukukhiqiza isidoda
- Uboya bukhula ebusweni, nasemilenzeni nasezingalweni. Uboya bukhula esifubeni, nangaphansi kwezingalo naphakathi kwemilenze.
Abantu abakhubazekile bangase badinge usizo oluthe xaxa ukuqonda nokulawula izinguquko emizimbeni yabo
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi le nkombandlela ayinembi - uhambo lwawo wonke umuntu luhlukile.
Typical Direction Boys
- 10½-17½ years: Growth of scrotum and testes
- 10½-18½ years: Change in voice
- 11-18½ years: Lengthening of the penis
- 11-14 years: Growth of pubic hair
- 12-17 years: Growth spurt – PEAK and change in body shape
- 13-18½ years: Growth of facial and underarms hair
Typical Direction Girls
- 10½-17½ years: Growth of underarm hair
- 12-16½ years: Change in body shape
- 12½-16½ years: Adult breast size
- 8½-13 years: Breast budding
- 8½-14 years: Growth of pubic hair
- 9½-14½ years: Growth spurt – PEAK
- 9½-16 years: First period (menarche)
Sonke siyakhula ngezikhathi ezihlukene. Sonke asifani. Bheka nje abalingiswa bethu be-KT Cares.
Njengoba sikhula futhi sibhekana nezinguquko ezingokomzimba nezingokomoya, into ebalulekile okufanele siyikhumbule ukuwamukela (ukuwujabulela) umzimba wakho onawo futhi uzethembe ngawo.
Akukhathaleki ukuthi ungakanani noma umi kanjani, sonke sihlale sifanelwe wuthando nenhlonipho, ikakhulukazi evela kithi ngokwethu.
Zibuze:
- umzimba wami ungisiza ngani?
- yini engiyithandayo ngomzimba wami?
- yini engenza ngibe ngokhethekile?
- yini engingayenza ukuze ngisize umzimba wami uhlale uqinile futhi unempilo?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyisisekelo somzimba womuntu futhi iningi lethu alingeni ngokuphelele esigabeni esisodwa. Abaningi bethu bayinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zomzimba.
Abanye bethu bade, abanye bafishane, abanye bazacile, abanye bakhuluphele. Abanye bethu banezinwele eziningi, abanye banezinwele ezincane. Kunokuma nobungako okuningi okwehlukene, futhi konke kulungile.
- Ukhalo oluncane noma olubanzi
- Amahlombe abanzi noma amancane
- Izinyawo nezandla ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Imilenze emifushane noma emide
- Izicubu ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Isakhiwo samathambo amakhulu noma amancane
Ukuzivocavoca nokudla imifino emisha kusisiza ukuthi sihlale siphilile.
Izinhlobo ezintathu ezivame kakhulu zomzimba eziyisisekelo:
- I-Endomorph - eyindilinga enamakhevu athambile, amafutha amaningi omzimba
- I-Ectomorph - izacile futhi i-namakhevu kancane
- I-Mesomorph - amahlombe abanzi, ama-hips azacile, izicubu eziningi
Uhlobo lomzimba wakho oyisisekelo awukwazi ukulushintsha. Isimo singashintshwa kancane ngokudla okuhlukile noma ngokuzivocavoca.
Uma uwuHlobo A, awusoze wafana Nohlobo B noma C. Ukuzivocavoca okuningi nokudla okunempilo ongakudla kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina isisindo esinempilo.
Amanye amantombazane anamabele amakhulu kanti amanye anamabele aphakathi nendawo amanye anamancane.
Amantombazane angaba futhi:
- Izinqulu ezinkulu noma ezincane nezingenzansi
- Ukhalo oluncane noma olubanzi
- Amahlombe abanzi noma amancane
- Izinyawo nezandla ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Imilenze emifushane noma emide
- Amathanga anezicubu ezinkulu noma azacile
- Izicubu ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Amathambo amakhulu noma amancane
- Ubuso obumise okweqanda, obuyindilinga, obuyisikwele noma okwenhliziyo
Izimomozi – ingxenye engaphandle yezitho zangasese – zonke zahlukile futhi. Zimi ngezindlela eziningi ezingafani kanjalo kazilingani: ubhontshisi ungaba mkhudlwana noma ube mncane nezindebe zingaba mfishane noma zinde. Ukuthola okuthe xaxa, siza uvakashela Izitho zokuzalana zabesifazane (zobulili)
Abanye abantu banosikompilo lapho amantombazane bewafundisa khona ukwelula izindebe (isikhumba esigoqekile semomozi). Lokhu akunangozi, kodwa akekho okumele aphoqwe ukukwenza. Amanye amasiko ahlola amantombazane izitho zangasese ukuzama ukubona noma aseke aya yini ocansini (umkhuba obizwa ‘ukuhlolwa kobuntombi’). Akekho ovunyelwe ukwenza okuthile emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngelungelo lesithunzi somzimba.
Kwamaningi amazwe ase-Afrika, ukusikwa kwezitho zangasese zamantombazane ngumkhuba owenziwa njengengxenye yokuzazi ngobuzwe nangosikompilo. Ukususa noma iyiphi ingxenye yesitho sangasese sowesifazane (izitho zangasese ngaphandle kwezizathu zezempilo kubizwa ngokuthi wukulimaza izitho zangasese zabesifazane/female genital mutilation (FGM). I-FGM ingabangela ukufa noma izinkinga ezingunomphela zempilo kanye nobuhlungu nosizi olukhulu. I-FGM iwukwephula amalungelo esintu amantombazane kanye nabesifazane. Amazwe amaningi asekwenze kwaba wukwephula umthetho, kodwa kusenzeka ezigidini zamantombazane. Kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi amantombazane aseke asikwa (FGM) athola usizo lwezempilo olufanele futhi awagconwa noma aphathwe kabi ngoba imizimba yawo ihlukile kweyamanye amantombazane.
Amabele afika ngazo zonke izinhlobo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ubukhulu bamabele kamama akusho ukuthi usayizi wamabele endodakazi yakhe nawo uzoba ngako.
Ukuphikisana nokungelona iqiniso
- Ubulili abuhlangene nobukhulu bamabele
- Ukulala ubheke phansi ngeke kuguqule usayizi wamabele
- Ukugqoka u-bra ngeke kuphazamise ukuma noma usayizi wamabele
Amanye amaqiniso:
- Kubalulekile ukuthola u-bra okhululekayo kuwo futhi olingana kahle nawe
- U-bra kufanele ukunikeze ukwesekwa okudingayo (isibonelo: u-bra wezemidlalo)
- Izibele kubafana nazo ziyakhukhumala ngesikhathi sokuthomba futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingathamba futhi zibe buhlungu.
Ukuthola usayizi oyiwona ka-bra (ngama-intshi)
- Qala uzikale aujikeleze isifuba ngaphansi kwamabele ngama-intshi
- Yengeza inombolo-6 kuleyo nombolo
- Uma inombolo ingewona ugweje/even (eg: 30, 32, 34, 46, 38, 40, njl.) lokho kusho ukuthi lowo sayizi ka-bra ngowakho
- Uma inombolo iwugweje/uneven (eg: 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, etc.) susa 1 intshi ukuthola usayizi wakho ka-bra
Indlela yokwenza usayizi wenkomishi:
- Linganisa ingxenye egcwele yamabele akho, ezingonweni (ngama-intshi)
- Uma inombolo ingaphansi kosayizi ka-bra, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-AAA
- Uma inombolo ilingana nosayizi ka-bra, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-AA
- 1 intshi ngaphezulu, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-A
- 2 ama-intshi ngaphezulu, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-B
- 3 ama-intshi ngaphezulu, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-C
- 4 ama-intshi ngaphezulu, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-D
Abanye abafana bade, abanye bafishane, abanye bazacile, abanye bakhuluphele. Abanye banoboya obuningi, abanye banoboya obuncane.
Kunomumo nobungako obuningi:
- Ukhalo oluncane noma olubanzi
- Izintamo eziqinile noma ezizacile
- Izicubu eziqinile noma ezibanzi
- Amahlombe abanzi noma amancane
- Izinyawo nezandla ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Imilenze emifushane noma emide
- Amathambo amakhulu noma amancane
“Amapipi” nawo ahlukene. Kunomumo nobungako obuningi, amade namafushane, akhuluphele nazacile. “Amapipi” aba makhulu uma eqhanyelwe. Ukwesaba, ukugodola noma ukwethuka kunciphisa igazi ngaphakathi epipini”, okulenza libukeke lilincane. Abanye basokile, abanye abasokile. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, sicela uvakashele izitho zokuzala zabesilisa (zobulili).
Ukusoka kuyinqubo lapho kukhishwa khona ijwabu, isikhumba esivale isihloko se “pipi”siyasuswa.
Kwezinye izinkolo, ingane yomfana iyasokwa uma inezinsuku ezimbalwa ubudala. Kwamanye amasiko, ukusoka kwenziwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yokusuka ebusheni uya ebudodeni. Abanye abafana nabesilisa bayasokwa ngenxa yezizathu zempilo. Ukusokwa kwabesilisa ngokokwelashwa kunganciphisa ingozi yokuba abesilisa batheleleke nge-HIV ngesikhathi socansi. Noma usokile noma awusokile, kufanele ugeze isitho sakho sangasese nsuku zonke. Uma ungasokile, ijwabu lakho kufanele ulidonsele emuva kuze kube sekugcineni lapho ugeza.
Ukusoka kufanele kwenziwe ngokuzithandela kuphela - ngemvume yakho. Unelungelo “lesithunzi somzimba”. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akekho ongenza noma yini emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho.
My Liggaam
Adolessensie is die proses van grootword, van kind wees tot volwassene.
Gedurende die voor-tiener- en tienerjare gaan jongmense deur baie veranderinge namate hul liggame in volwasse liggame te ontwikkel.
Die proses begin gewoonlik tussen 10 en 13 jaar oud (die begin van puberteit) en duur tot 18 of 20 jaar, maar dit kan vroeër of later gebeur.
Puberteit is wanneer veranderinge met jongmense begin gebeur namate hulle van kinders na volwassenes beweeg en seksueel volwasse word. Baie veranderinge gebeur en die mees opvallende is veranderinge aan die liggaam.
Daar is meer inligting oor gevoelens en drange onder die afdeling
- Die eerste teken van puberteit is dikwels 'n groeispurt (as jy skielik langer word), maar almal is anders.
- Meisies begin gewoonlik puberteit voordat seuns doen.
- Die veranderinge hang af van jou individuele gene sowel as biologiese geslag, wat beteken dat jy vroulik, manlik of interseksueel gebore word.
- As jy 'n gestremdheid of siekte het, kan dit 'n invloed hê op wanneer en hoe jy 'n paar veranderinge in puberteit ervaar.
- Niemand weet vir seker wanneer hierdie veranderinge sal begin nie. Om vroeër of later as ander mense te ontwikkel, beteken nie dat daar iets fout is nie.
- Elkeen het sy eie natuurlike rooster. Liggame ontwikkel teen hul eie spesiale tempo.
Binne elke sel van elke lewende wese (plant of dier) is stelle instruksies wat gene genoem word. Die gene verskaf die instruksies oor wat die plant of dier is, hoe dit lyk, hoe dit is om te oorleef en hoe dit met sy omliggende omgewing sal interaksie hê.
Hormone is soos klein chemiese boodskappers. Hulle beheer wat in ons liggame gebeur en hulle beïnvloed ook die manier waarop ons dink en voel. Sommige hormone veroorsaak veranderinge in hoe ons groei. Ander beïnvloed ons immuunstelsels. Hormone beïnvloed selfs of ons warm of dors voel! Ons liggame begin 'n spesiale stel hormone produseer soos ons deur puberteit gaan.
Oliekliere in die kopvel word meer aktief. Jou hare kan olierigter word en moet dalk meer gereeld gewas word.
Vel produseer meer olie. Jy kan puisies ontwikkel.
Sweetkliere word meer aktief en volwasse liggaam reuk ontwikkel
Tydens puberteit word sweetkliere meer aktief (produseer meer sweet). Dit word sweet genoem.
Liggaamsareas wat meer van hierdie kliere het, is:
- Onder die arms
- Palms van die hande
- Onder die voete
- Tussen die bene
Sweet is gesond. Die hoofdoel daarvan is om die liggaam koel te hou. Sweet bestaan hoofsaaklik uit water met 'n klein hoeveelheid chemikalieë.
Soms kan senuweeagtigheid of angs sweet verhoog. Sweet by homself ruik nie, maar wanneer dit met bakterieë (kieme) op die vel meng, ontwikkel 'n reuk.
Ter wille van higiëne is dit belangrik om jou liggaam so gereeld as moontlik te was en skoon klere te dra.
Deodorante beheer die onderarm reuk, maar hulle neem nie die plek van was in nie. Maak seker dat jy jouself ten minste een keer per dag deeglik was as jy kan.
Moenie vaginale deodorantbespuitings gebruik nie.
Vermy “douching” – dit is onnodig en kan skadelik wees. “Douching” beteken om die binnekant van die vagina uit te was. Die vagina is 'n selfreinigende orgaan en gereelde was met skoon water is genoeg.
Wanneer sweet in skoene vasgevang word, groei kieme (bakterieë en swamme). Dit kan die vrot reuk veroorsaak wat soms van voete en skoene af kom.
Maniere om stinkende voete te help verminder:
- Moenie dat bakterieë in jou skoene opbou nie
- Hou jou voete skoon en droog dit goed af nadat dit gewas is
- Was jou skoene (indien wasbaar)
- Droog hulle voordat en nadat dit gedra word
- Laat skoene oornag lug
- Katoen sokkies is die beste
- Die hare regoor jou liggaam word beïnvloed deur veranderinge in hormone tydens puberteit.
- Die hare op jou kop kan olieriger word en moet dalk meer gereeld gewas word.
- Hare groei onder jou arms en in jou skaamgebied.
- Hare op jou arms en bene (en soms op jou gesig en bors) word dikker en donkerder.
- Liggaamshare is normaal. Dit is nie ongesond nie en is niks om oor skaam te wees nie.
Sommige mense hou daarvan om die hare van hul gesigte en/of liggame te verwyder, ander nie. Dit is 'n persoonlike keuse.
As jy gesig- of liggaamshare wil verwyder, knip of vorm, maak seker dat jy dit veilig doen. Gebruik altyd skoon instrumente en volg instruksies.
Skeer:
- Dit sny hare weg op die vlak van jou vel se oppervlak
- Hare sal vinnig uitgroei en sal lyk asof dit donkerder en dikker is
- Maak altyd skeermesse skoon na gebruik. Moet nooit 'n skeermes leen/uitleen nie (aangesien dit kieme versprei)
- Trek die skeermes teen die rigting van jou hare
- Maak hare sag deur dit in warm water te week
- Gebruik seperige skuim of skeerroom
Die vel kan brand of steek as jy deodorant gebruik direk na jy geskeer het.
Skeer sny die hare skuins en laat 'n skerp punt agter, wat kan teruglus, die vel deurboor en na binne groei, wat infeksies (siste – groot puisies – of vloeistof onder jou vel) veroorsaak. Dit word ingegroeide hare genoem.
Ukusika, ukugunda noma ukungashefi nhlobo:
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema inkinga yamaqhuqhuva ukungagundi nhlobo. Abanye abantu bagunda uboya babo bobuso eduze kwesikhumba ngokunqamula izinwele, kushiya izinhlanga ezincane.
Ukusika, ukugunda noma ukungashefi nhlobo:
Ukushintsha umbala wezinwele (bleaching) kwenza izinwele zikhanye kodwa kungasishisa isikhumba sakho, akuyona indlela enhle uma unesikhumba esimnyama.
Ukusiphula
Abathwizayo (tweezers) badonsa izinwele olulodwa ngesikhathi futhi kungcono kakhulu ekususeni izinwele ezngadingeki. Ungadonsi izinwele ezimileni ezisesikhumbeni (moles) ezivame ukuvela njengamachashaza amancane, ansundu ngokumnyama).
Okugcotshwayo ukususa izinwele (creams)
Labo khilimu banamakhemikhali ancibilikisa izinwele ngaphansana nje kwesikhumba sakho. Landela imiyalelo ngokucophelela njengoba kungase kuziphathe kabi kakhulu ezinye izikhumba. Hlola njalo isiqeshana esincane sesikhumba ubone ukuthi zikhona yini izinkinga ezenzekayo.
Ama-Waxes
I-wax eshisayo noma ebandayo igcotshwa esikhumbeni sakho bese ikhishwa, Isuka nezinwele. Izinwele zithatha isikhathi eside ukuthi zikhule njengoba kusuke kukhishwe zonke izinwele. I-waxing yenziwa kangcono nguchwepheshe.
I-Electrolysis/laser
Lokhu wukususwa koboya unomphela okwenziwa uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe esebenzisa amandla kagesi ukuqeda izinwele ezimpandeni zazo. Le ndlela iyabiza futhi ibuhlungu impela.
Iningi lentsha lithola izinduna ne-acne ngesikhathi sokuthomba kodwa izinkinga eziningi zesikhumba ziyaphela ngemva kokuthomba.
Ngesikhathi sokuthomba, izindlala zikawoyela ezingaphansi kwesikhumba ziqala ukwenza amafutha athe xaxa (okuthiwa i-sebum). Ngezinye izikhathi kuba ne-sebum eningi kakhulu futhi lokhu, kanye namaseli esikhumba afile, kubangela ukuvaleka kwezimbotshana ngaphezu kwesikhumba.
Ibhakthiriya (amagciwane) esikhumbeni adala ukuqubuka futhi lokhu kubangela izinduna.
Izimbotshana ezivalekile zingaholela:
- Amaqhuqhuva afana nesikhumba - izinduna
- Amachashazi amnyama esikhumbeni sakho - amakhanda amnyama - okubangelwa ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali ku-sebum lapho umoya ufinyelela kuso
- Amachashazi amhlophe esikhumbeni sakho - amakhanda amhlophe - lapho imbobo incane kakhulu ukuthi ingakwazi ukubangela ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali, njengakumakhanda amnyama.
Izinduna ezinamakhanda amnyama nezinamakhanda amhlophe ziwuhlobo olungenamandla atheni e-acne.
Ezinye izeluleko
- Ungazikhami izinduna - lokhu kungabangela izibazi
- Phuza amanzi amaningi ahlanzekile
- Olunye ucwaningo lululeka ukushintsha indlela odla ngayo
- Gwema okhilimu nezimonyo ezenziwe ngamafutha - zingavala izimbotshana
- Funa ulwazi maqondana nokokugcoba izinduna okuphephile- okokugcoba ongakuthenga ekhemisi
- Geza ubuso bakho kaningi kodwa ungabukhuhli noma usebenzise izinto ezibuhlikihlayo. Amakhanjana amnyama nezinduna akubangelwa wukungcola esikhumbeni
- Izikhumba ezimnyama zingashintsha umbala ngenxa yensipho ehlikihlayo/izikhuhla
- Khuluma nodokotela uma izinkinga zesikhumba sakho ziba zimbi
Zenzeka kanjani izinduna:
Uma ubungabona ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sakho, bekuzobukeka kanjena (*hhayi ngokunembile ngokwebhayoloji)
Awekho amantombazane amabili afana nse. Izinguquko zokuthomba zingaqala ukwenzeka kusukela eminyakeni engaba yisi-9. Amanye amantombazane aqala ngisho nangaphambi kwalesi khathi, kanti amanye aqala lapho esekhulile.
Uma ukhubazekile, izinqubo ezifanayo ncamashi zizokwenzeka emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
Uma ubulilimbili, umzimba wakho uyashintsha kuzoncika ekutheni izitho zakho zobulili zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zikhula kanjani.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nobulilimbili, sicela uvakashele Kabanzi Ngobulilimbili
Amabele aba makhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinga lamahomoni liyakhuphuka futhi lokho kushintsha inani loketshezi emabeleni. Angase athambe noma abe buhlungu.
Izingono nesikhumba esizungezile kuba mnyama ngombala.
Izinqulu zibabanzi - ukhalo lubonakala luluncane
Uboya buyakhula emakhwapheni nasendaweni yesitho sangasese. Uboya ezingalweni, emilenzeni nasebusweni buba buningana futhi bube mnyama.
Kuyaqala ukuya esikhathini.
Ukuze uthole okuthe xaxa ngokuya esikhathini, sicela uvakashele Kuyini Ukuya esikhathini?
Izitho zangasese ziyazihlanza.
Uketshezi oluncane lwenziwa ngaphakathi kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nomlomo wesibeletho, lukhipha amaseli amadala emgudwini wesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lena indlela yomzimba yokugcina isitho sangasese sowesifazane siphilile.
Okuphumayo (discharge) kucwengekile noma kusalubisana futhi akunuki kabi.
Uketshezana oluphumayo lungashuba:
- Ngesikhathi senyanga uma iqanda liphuma kuma-ovari
- Ngesikhathi sokuncelisa
- Ngesikhathi sokuqhanyelwa
Ungakhaphezeli noma ugeze umgudu wesitho sangasese noma ushutheke into kuwo. Bona unesi noma udokotela uma okuphumayo kunuka kabi.
Abakhubazekile bangase badinge usizo oluthe xaxa ukuqonda nokulawula ushintsho emzimbeni wabo.
Uphawu lokuqala lokuthomba ngokuvamile ukukhula ngesivinini (ngokushesha uba mude).
Abekho abafana ababili abafana ncamashi. Izinguquko zokuthomba zingaqala ukwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye nesigamu kanye neli-10 nengxenye yobudala. Abanye abafana baqala ngisho nangaphambi kwalesi khathi, kanti abanye sebekhulile.
Uma unokukhubazeka inqubo efanayo izokwenzeka emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi sokuthomba.
Uma ubulilimbili, uguquko emzimbeni wakho luzoncika ekutheni izitho zakho zobulili zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zikhula kanjani. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nobulilimbili, sicela uvakashele Okwengeziwe mayelana ngobulilimbili
Olunye ugshintsho olwenzekayo:
- Izwi liyashintsha, ngezinye izikhathi ‘liqhekeke’ (lokho kusho ukuthi livele libe phansi noma libe phezulu lapho ukhuluma) futhi lijule
- Izicubu ziyaqina
- Amahlombe aba banzi
- Izibele ziya ziba nkulu futhi zibe mnyama. Zingase zithambe noma zibe buhlungu.
- Amankwahla aqala ukukhiqiza isidoda
- Uboya bukhula ebusweni, nasemilenzeni nasezingalweni. Uboya bukhula esifubeni, nangaphansi kwezingalo naphakathi kwemilenze.
Abantu abakhubazekile bangase badinge usizo oluthe xaxa ukuqonda nokulawula izinguquko emizimbeni yabo
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi le nkombandlela ayinembi - uhambo lwawo wonke umuntu luhlukile.
Typical Direction Boys
- 10½-17½ years: Growth of scrotum and testes
- 10½-18½ years: Change in voice
- 11-18½ years: Lengthening of the penis
- 11-14 years: Growth of pubic hair
- 12-17 years: Growth spurt – PEAK and change in body shape
- 13-18½ years: Growth of facial and underarms hair
Typical Direction Girls
- 10½-17½ years: Growth of underarm hair
- 12-16½ years: Change in body shape
- 12½-16½ years: Adult breast size
- 8½-13 years: Breast budding
- 8½-14 years: Growth of pubic hair
- 9½-14½ years: Growth spurt – PEAK
- 9½-16 years: First period (menarche)
Sonke siyakhula ngezikhathi ezihlukene. Sonke asifani. Bheka nje abalingiswa bethu be-KT Cares.
Njengoba sikhula futhi sibhekana nezinguquko ezingokomzimba nezingokomoya, into ebalulekile okufanele siyikhumbule ukuwamukela (ukuwujabulela) umzimba wakho onawo futhi uzethembe ngawo.
Akukhathaleki ukuthi ungakanani noma umi kanjani, sonke sihlale sifanelwe wuthando nenhlonipho, ikakhulukazi evela kithi ngokwethu.
Zibuze:
- umzimba wami ungisiza ngani?
- yini engiyithandayo ngomzimba wami?
- yini engenza ngibe ngokhethekile?
- yini engingayenza ukuze ngisize umzimba wami uhlale uqinile futhi unempilo?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyisisekelo somzimba womuntu futhi iningi lethu alingeni ngokuphelele esigabeni esisodwa. Abaningi bethu bayinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zomzimba.
Abanye bethu bade, abanye bafishane, abanye bazacile, abanye bakhuluphele. Abanye bethu banezinwele eziningi, abanye banezinwele ezincane. Kunokuma nobungako okuningi okwehlukene, futhi konke kulungile.
- Ukhalo oluncane noma olubanzi
- Amahlombe abanzi noma amancane
- Izinyawo nezandla ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Imilenze emifushane noma emide
- Izicubu ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Isakhiwo samathambo amakhulu noma amancane
Ukuzivocavoca nokudla imifino emisha kusisiza ukuthi sihlale siphilile.
Izinhlobo ezintathu ezivame kakhulu zomzimba eziyisisekelo:
- I-Endomorph - eyindilinga enamakhevu athambile, amafutha amaningi omzimba
- I-Ectomorph - izacile futhi i-namakhevu kancane
- I-Mesomorph - amahlombe abanzi, ama-hips azacile, izicubu eziningi
Uhlobo lomzimba wakho oyisisekelo awukwazi ukulushintsha. Isimo singashintshwa kancane ngokudla okuhlukile noma ngokuzivocavoca.
Uma uwuHlobo A, awusoze wafana Nohlobo B noma C. Ukuzivocavoca okuningi nokudla okunempilo ongakudla kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina isisindo esinempilo.
Amanye amantombazane anamabele amakhulu kanti amanye anamabele aphakathi nendawo amanye anamancane.
Amantombazane angaba futhi:
- Izinqulu ezinkulu noma ezincane nezingenzansi
- Ukhalo oluncane noma olubanzi
- Amahlombe abanzi noma amancane
- Izinyawo nezandla ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Imilenze emifushane noma emide
- Amathanga anezicubu ezinkulu noma azacile
- Izicubu ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Amathambo amakhulu noma amancane
- Ubuso obumise okweqanda, obuyindilinga, obuyisikwele noma okwenhliziyo
Izimomozi – ingxenye engaphandle yezitho zangasese – zonke zahlukile futhi. Zimi ngezindlela eziningi ezingafani kanjalo kazilingani: ubhontshisi ungaba mkhudlwana noma ube mncane nezindebe zingaba mfishane noma zinde. Ukuthola okuthe xaxa, siza uvakashela Izitho zokuzalana zabesifazane (zobulili)
Abanye abantu banosikompilo lapho amantombazane bewafundisa khona ukwelula izindebe (isikhumba esigoqekile semomozi). Lokhu akunangozi, kodwa akekho okumele aphoqwe ukukwenza. Amanye amasiko ahlola amantombazane izitho zangasese ukuzama ukubona noma aseke aya yini ocansini (umkhuba obizwa ‘ukuhlolwa kobuntombi’). Akekho ovunyelwe ukwenza okuthile emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Lokhu kubizwa ngelungelo lesithunzi somzimba.
Kwamaningi amazwe ase-Afrika, ukusikwa kwezitho zangasese zamantombazane ngumkhuba owenziwa njengengxenye yokuzazi ngobuzwe nangosikompilo. Ukususa noma iyiphi ingxenye yesitho sangasese sowesifazane (izitho zangasese ngaphandle kwezizathu zezempilo kubizwa ngokuthi wukulimaza izitho zangasese zabesifazane/female genital mutilation (FGM). I-FGM ingabangela ukufa noma izinkinga ezingunomphela zempilo kanye nobuhlungu nosizi olukhulu. I-FGM iwukwephula amalungelo esintu amantombazane kanye nabesifazane. Amazwe amaningi asekwenze kwaba wukwephula umthetho, kodwa kusenzeka ezigidini zamantombazane. Kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi amantombazane aseke asikwa (FGM) athola usizo lwezempilo olufanele futhi awagconwa noma aphathwe kabi ngoba imizimba yawo ihlukile kweyamanye amantombazane.
Amabele afika ngazo zonke izinhlobo nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Ubukhulu bamabele kamama akusho ukuthi usayizi wamabele endodakazi yakhe nawo uzoba ngako.
Ukuphikisana nokungelona iqiniso
- Ubulili abuhlangene nobukhulu bamabele
- Ukulala ubheke phansi ngeke kuguqule usayizi wamabele
- Ukugqoka u-bra ngeke kuphazamise ukuma noma usayizi wamabele
Amanye amaqiniso:
- Kubalulekile ukuthola u-bra okhululekayo kuwo futhi olingana kahle nawe
- U-bra kufanele ukunikeze ukwesekwa okudingayo (isibonelo: u-bra wezemidlalo)
- Izibele kubafana nazo ziyakhukhumala ngesikhathi sokuthomba futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingathamba futhi zibe buhlungu.
Ukuthola usayizi oyiwona ka-bra (ngama-intshi)
- Qala uzikale aujikeleze isifuba ngaphansi kwamabele ngama-intshi
- Yengeza inombolo-6 kuleyo nombolo
- Uma inombolo ingewona ugweje/even (eg: 30, 32, 34, 46, 38, 40, njl.) lokho kusho ukuthi lowo sayizi ka-bra ngowakho
- Uma inombolo iwugweje/uneven (eg: 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, etc.) susa 1 intshi ukuthola usayizi wakho ka-bra
Indlela yokwenza usayizi wenkomishi:
- Linganisa ingxenye egcwele yamabele akho, ezingonweni (ngama-intshi)
- Uma inombolo ingaphansi kosayizi ka-bra, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-AAA
- Uma inombolo ilingana nosayizi ka-bra, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-AA
- 1 intshi ngaphezulu, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-A
- 2 ama-intshi ngaphezulu, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-B
- 3 ama-intshi ngaphezulu, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-C
- 4 ama-intshi ngaphezulu, usayizi wenkomishi yakho ngu-D
Abanye abafana bade, abanye bafishane, abanye bazacile, abanye bakhuluphele. Abanye banoboya obuningi, abanye banoboya obuncane.
Kunomumo nobungako obuningi:
- Ukhalo oluncane noma olubanzi
- Izintamo eziqinile noma ezizacile
- Izicubu eziqinile noma ezibanzi
- Amahlombe abanzi noma amancane
- Izinyawo nezandla ezinkulu noma ezincane
- Imilenze emifushane noma emide
- Amathambo amakhulu noma amancane
“Amapipi” nawo ahlukene. Kunomumo nobungako obuningi, amade namafushane, akhuluphele nazacile. “Amapipi” aba makhulu uma eqhanyelwe. Ukwesaba, ukugodola noma ukwethuka kunciphisa igazi ngaphakathi epipini”, okulenza libukeke lilincane. Abanye basokile, abanye abasokile. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, sicela uvakashele izitho zokuzala zabesilisa (zobulili).
Ukusoka kuyinqubo lapho kukhishwa khona ijwabu, isikhumba esivale isihloko se “pipi”siyasuswa.
Kwezinye izinkolo, ingane yomfana iyasokwa uma inezinsuku ezimbalwa ubudala. Kwamanye amasiko, ukusoka kwenziwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yokusuka ebusheni uya ebudodeni. Abanye abafana nabesilisa bayasokwa ngenxa yezizathu zempilo. Ukusokwa kwabesilisa ngokokwelashwa kunganciphisa ingozi yokuba abesilisa batheleleke nge-HIV ngesikhathi socansi. Noma usokile noma awusokile, kufanele ugeze isitho sakho sangasese nsuku zonke. Uma ungasokile, ijwabu lakho kufanele ulidonsele emuva kuze kube sekugcineni lapho ugeza.
Ukusoka kufanele kwenziwe ngokuzithandela kuphela - ngemvume yakho. Unelungelo “lesithunzi somzimba”. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akekho ongenza noma yini emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kwemvume yakho.
Mmele Waka
Ho ba dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana ke boemo kapa ketsahalo ya ho hola, ho tloha bongwaneng ho ba motho e moholo.
Dilemong tse tlang pele ho tsa botjha le dilemong tsa botjha, batjha ba e ba le diphetoho tse ngata ka ha mmele ya bona e hola ho ba ya batho ba baholo.
Hangata ketsahalo e qala pakeng tsa dilemo tse 10 le tse 13 (qaleho ya ho ba dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana) le ho tswelapele ho fihla dilemong tse 18 kapa tse 20, empa e ka etsahala pejana kapa morao ho moo.
Ho ba dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana ke ha diphetoho di qala ho etsahala batjheng ha ba tloha bongwaneng e ba batho ba baholo le ho hola ditabeng tse amanang le thobalano. Ho etsahala diphetoho tse ngata mme boholo ba tse bonahalang ke diphetoho tse mmeleng.
Ho na le lesedi le fetang lena le buang ka maikutlo le ditakatso ka tlasa karolo e buang ka –Ho etsa ho hong ka maikutlo a thobalano ka polokeho, ka hlompho le ka tsela e tshehetsang le ho bontsha bophelo bo botle.
- Letshwao la pele la ho ba dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana hangata ke ho hola (ho ba molelele ka potlako), empa motho e mong le e mong o fapane.
- Hangata banana ba qala ho ba dilemong tsa borwetsana pele ho bashemane.
- Diphetoho di ya ka lefutso la motho mmoho le bong ba tlhaho, ho bolelang hore ho tswalwa o le motshehadi, o le motona kapa o hola o sa totobala hore o motona kapa o motshehadi.
- Haeba o na le boqhwala kapa lefu le itseng, hona ho ka ama kamoo o bang le diphetoho tse itseng ka teng le hore di etsahala neng dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana.
- Ha ho na motho ya tsebang hore diphetoho tsena di tla qala neng. Ho hola pejana kapa ka mora batho ba bang ha ho bolele hore ho na le ntho e phoso.
- Motho e mong le e mong o na le nako ya hae ya tlhaho. Mmele e hola ka sekgahla sa oona se ikgethileng.
Ka hara sele e nngwe le e nngwe ya ntho e nngwe le e nngwe e phelang (semela kapa phoofolo) ho na le disete tsa ditaelo tse bitswang lefutso. Lefutso le fana ka ditaelo tsa hore semela kapa phoofolo ke eng, e shebahala e le jwang, e phela jwang le hore e tla phedisana jwang le dintho tse potapotileng tikoloho ya yona.
Dihomone di tshwana le barumuwa ba banyane ba dikhemikhale. Di laola se etsahalang mmeleng ya rona le ho ama tsela eo re nahanang le ho ikutlwa ka yona. Dihomone tse ding di etsa diphetoho mokgweng oo re holang ka oona. Tse ding di ama masole a mmele ya rona. Dihomone di ama le hore na re ikutlwa re tjhesa kapa re nyorilwe! Mmele ya rona e qala ho hlahisa sete e ikgethang ya dihomone ha re ntse re le dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana.
Ditshwelesa tsa oli tse letlalong la hlooho di sebetsa ho feta. Moriri wa hao o ka ba mafuranyana mme wa hloka ho hlatswa kgafetsa.
Letlalo le ntsha oli e ngata. O ka hlaha dihloba.
Ditshwelesa tsa mofufutso di sebetsa haholo mme le mmele o qala ho ba le monkgo
Dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana, ditshwelesa tsa mofufutso di sebetsa haholo (ho ntsha mofufutso o mongata. Hona ho bitswa mofufutso.
Dibaka tsa mmele tse nang le ditshwelesa tsena ke:
- Ka tlasa mahwafi
- Ka hara letsoho
- Ka tlasa maoto
- Pakeng tsa maoto
Ho fufulelwa ho bontsha ho phela hantle. Sepheo se seholo sa hona ke ho thusa ho etsa hore mmele o dule o phodile. Mofufutso o etswa haholo ka metsi a nang le palo e nyane ya dikhemikhale.
Ka dinako tse ding ho tshoha kapa ho ngongoreha ho eketsa ho fufulelwa. Mofufutso ka boona ha o nkge, empa ha o kopana le baktheria (dikokwanahloko) tse letlalong, ho ba le monkgo.
Molemong wa bohlweki, ho bohlokwa ho hlapa mmele wa hao kgafetsa kamoo o ka kgonang le ho apara diaparo tse hlwekileng.
Dithibelamonkgo di laola monkgo wa mahwafi empa ha di sebediswe e le ho hlapa. Netefatsa hore o itlhatswa hantle bonyane hanngwe ka letsatsi haeba o kgona.
O se ke wa sebedisa dinyanyatsi tse thibelang monkgo botshehading.
O se ke wa hlatswa botshehadi ka hare - ha ho hlokehe ebile ho ka ba kotsi. ‘Ho hlatswa botshehadi ka hare’ ho bolela ho hlapa o ntsha ditshila tse ka hara yona ka metsi kapa motswako wa dintho tse timang monkgo. Botshehadi ke setho se itlhwekisang ka bosona mme ho se hlapa kamehla ka metsi a hlwekileng ho lekane.
Ha mofufutso o hanella ka hara dieta, dikokwanahloko (baktheria le fangase) di a hlaha. Hona ho ka etsa hore ho be le monkgo o bodileng oo ka dinako tse ding o tswang maotong le dieteng.
Ditsela tsa ho thusa ho fokotsa maoto a nkgang:
- O se tlohele baktheria hore e bokellane ka hara dieta tsa hao
- Boloka maoto a hao a hlwekile le ho a omisa hantle ha o qeta ho hlapa
- Hlatswa dieta tsa hao (haeba di a hlatsweha)
- Di omise pele o di rwala
- Beha dieta hore di hahlwe ke moya bosiu kaofela
- Dikausi tsa khothene di lokile ka ho fetisisa
- Boya bo mmeleng wa hao kaofela bo angwa ke diphetoho tsa dihomone dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana.
- Moriri o hloohong ya hao o ka ba le olinyana le ho ka hloka ho hlatswa kgafetsa.
- Boya bo hlahang ka mahwafing le sebakeng se kantle ho ditho tsa botona/botshehadi.
- Boya bo matsohong le maotong a hao (le ka dinako tse ding sefahlehong le sefubeng sa hao) bo ba botenya le ho ntshofala.
- Boya bo mmeleng bo tlwaelehile. Ha bo na kotsi bophelong le hona ha se ntho eo motho a ka e swabelang.
Batho ba bang ba rata ho tlosa boya sefahlehong le/kapa mmeleng, ba bang ha ba rate. Ke kgetho ya motho.
Haeba o batla ho tlosa boya bo sefahlehong kapa mmeleng wa hao kapa ho bo kuta hantle, netefatsa hore o etsa hoo ka polokeho. Sebedisa disebediswa tse hlwekileng le ho latela ditaelo kamehla.
Ho kuta moriri/boya:
- Ho kuta moriri/boya bokahodimong ba letlalo la hao
- Moriri/boya bo tla hola ka pele le ho shebahala eka bo ntshofetse le ho ba botenya
- Hlwekisa Mahare kamehla ha o qeta ho a sebedisa. O se adimisane/adime lehare (ka ha le tsamaisa dikokwanahloko)
- Tsamaisa lehare ho fapana le lehlakore leo moriri/boya ba hao bo shebaneng le lona
- Nolofatsa moriri/boya ka ho bo inela metsing a futhumetseng nakwana
- Sebedisa lekweba la sesepa kapa setlolo sa ho tlosa moriri/boya
Letlalo le ka tjhwatjhwasela kapa la loma haeba o sebedisa sethibelamonkgo ka mora ho kuta moriri/boya.
Ho kuta moriri ka ho theohela lehlakoreng le itseng, ho siya pento e motsu e ka kgutlelang morao moo o seng o kutile, ho phunya letlalo le ho holela ka hare, ho etsa hore ho be le ditshwaetso (boladu/hlahala – dihloba tse kgolo – kapa mokedikedi o ka tlasa letlalo la hao). Ditshwaetso tsena di bitswa meriri/boya bo holetseng ka hare.
Ho kuta, ho kuta ka tlelepira kapa ho se sheife ho hang:
Tsela e ntle ka ho fetisisa ya ho etsa hore ho se be le ho ruruha ke hore o se kute ho hang. Batho ba bang ba kutela ditedu tsa bona haufi le letlalo ka ditlelepira, ba siya ditedu tse nyane tse holang ka mora ho di kuta.
Ho sweufatsa
Ho sweufatsa ho etsa hore moriri o kganye empa ho ka tjhesa letlalo la hao, ha se mokgwa o lokileng ha o na le letlalo le ntshofetseng.
Ho hula
Dikere di hula moriri o le mong ka nako mme di loketse ho tlosa meriri e itlhahelang dibakeng disele. O se hule meriri dibakeng tse entseng mmala o sa tshwaneng le wa mmele kaofela (mofuta o tlwaelehileng wa hlahala ya letlalo oo hangata o hlahang e le matheba a manyane a sootho).
Ditlolo tse tlosang moriri/boya
Ditlolo tsena di na le dikhemikhale tse jang moriri/boya bo ka tlasa letlalo la hao. Latela ditaelo ka hloko ka ha matlalo a mang a ka longwa haholo. Kamehla tlotsa karolo e nyane o bone hore na ho ba le mathata.
Ditlosaboya/moriri
Setlolo se tjhesang kapa se batang se tlotswang letlalong la hao ebe se a hulwa, se tswa le moriri/boya. Moriri/boya bo nka nako e telele ho hola hape ka ha moriri/boya kaofela bo hutswe. Ho ntsha moriri/boya ka setlolo se tlotswang ebe se a hulwa ho etsahala hantle ha ho etswa ke Setsebi.
Elektrolisisi
Ena ke ketso ya ho tlosa moriri/boya moshwelella e etswang ke setsebi se rupelletsweng se sebedisang motlakase ho bolaya metso ya moriri/boya. Mokgwa ona o theko e hodimo haholo le ho ba bohloko.
Batjha ba bangata ba ba le dihloba le tse bakwang ke ho kwaleha ha masoba a letlalo ha ba le dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana empa boholo ba mathata a letlalo bo feela ka mora dilemo tsa bohlankana/borwetsana.
Dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana, ditshwelesa tsa oli tse ka tlasa letlalo di qala ho etsa oli e ngata (e bitswang sebam (lero le lengata haholo le mafura). Ka dinako tse ding ho ba le sebam e ngata haholo mme sena, mmoho le disele tsa letlalo tse shweleng, di thiba masoba a bokahodimo ba letlalo.
Baktheria (dikokwanahloko) e letlalong e a ruruhisa mme sena se baka dihloba.
Masoba a thibaneng a ka etsa hore:
- Letlalo le be le dikuru tse nang le mmala – dihloba
- Makgopo a matsho a letlalong la hao – a nang le dihlohwana tse ntsho – a bakilweng ke dikhemikhale tse utlwang lero le lengata haholo le mafura ha le utlwa moya
- Makgopo a masweu a letlalong la hao - a nang le dihlohwana tse tshweu - ha lesoba le le lenyane haholo hore moya o etse hore dikhemikhale di sebetse mmeleng, jwalo ka makgopo a nang le dihlohwana tse ntsho
Makgopo a nang le dihlohwana tse ntsho le a nang le dihlohwana tse tshweu ka bobedi ke mefuta e se nang kameho e mpe haholo ya dihloba tse bakwang ke ho kwaleha ha masoba a letlalo
Dikeletso tse itseng
- O se ke wa phunya dihloba – hona ho ka baka mabadi
- Enwa metsi a mangata a hlwekileng
- Dipatlisiso tse ding di sisinya ho fetola dijo
- Qoba ho sebedisa ditlolo tse nang le oli – di ka thiba masoba
- Botsa ka ditlolo tse bolokehileng tsa dihloba tse bakwang ke ho kwaleha ha masoba a letlalo khemising
- Hlapa sefahleho sa hao kgafetsa empa o se se hohle kapa wa sebedisa dintho tse hohlang; makgopo a nang le dihlohwana tse ntsho le dihloba ha di bakwe ke ditshila tse letlalong
- Matlalo a ntshofetseng a ka ba le mmala o sa kgahliseng ka lebaka la disepa/dihohli tse seng boreledi
- Bua le ngaka ya letlalo haeba letlalo la hao le mpefala
Sehloba se hlaha jwang:
Ha o ka sheba ka hara letlalo la hao, le ka batla le shebahala tjena (*ha e a nepahala ho ya ka tlhaho)
Ha ho na banana ba babedi ba tshwanang hantle. Diphetoho tsa dilemo tsa borwetsana di ka qala ho etsahala ho tloha dilemong tse ka bang tse 9. Banana ba bang ba qala le pele ho dilemo tseo, ha ba bang ba qala ha ba hodilenyana.
Haeba o na le boqhwala, diketsahalo tse tshwanang le tsena hantle di tla etsahala mmeleng wa hao dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana.
Haeba o hola o sa totobala hore o motona kapa o motshehadi, diphetoho tsa mmele wa hao di tla ya ka hore ditho tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle tsa bong ba hao di hola jwang.
Ho fumana lesedi le fetang lena ka ho hola o sa totobala hore o motona kapa o motshehadi, etela karolo ya Dintlha tse ding tse buang ka ho hola o sa totobala hore o motona kapa o motshehadi.
Matswele a ba maholwanyana. Ho hola hona ke hobane dihomone di a phahama mme hoo ho fetola bongata ba mokedikedi matsweleng A ka ba bonojana kapa a ba bohloko.
Ditlhoko le letlalo le di potapotileng le a ntshofala.
Dihips di a hola – letheka le shebahala le le lenyane.
Boya bo hlaha ka mahwafing le karolong e potapotileng setho sa botona/botshehadi. Boya bo matsohong, maotong le sefahlehong bo ka ba botenyanyana le ho ntshofalanyana.
Ho ya matsatsing/kgweding ho a qala.
Ho fumana lesedi le fetang lena ka ho ya matsatsing/kgweding, etela karolo Ho ya matsatsing/kgweding ke ho etsang?
Banana ba ka ba le lero le lengata le tswang botshehading.
Botshehadi bo ya itlhatswa.
Lero le lenyane le etswa ka hara botshehadi le molomo wa popelo, le ntshang disele tsa kgale tse entseng lera ka hara botshehadi. Ena ke tsela eo mmele o hlwekisang botshehadi ka yona.
Lero la botshehadi le hlakile kapa le lebejana mme ha le nkge hampe.
Lero la botshehadi le ka tiyanyana:
- Kgweding ha lehe le tswa ka hara diouvari
- Nakong ya ho nyantsha
- Ha motho a natefelwa ke thobalano
O se ke wa hlatswa botshehadi ka hare (wa ntsha ditshila tse ka hara botshehadi ka metsi) kapa wa kenya ntho efe kapa efe ka hare. Bona mooki kapa ngaka haeba lero la botshehadi le nkga hampe.
Batho ba phelang le boqhwala ba ka hloka thuso ho utlwisisa le ho laola diphetoho tse mmeleng ya bona.
Letshwao la pele la ho ba dilemong tsa bohlankana hangata ke ho hola (ho ba molelele ka potlako).
Ha ho na bashemane ba babedi ba tshwanang hantle. Diphetoho tsa dilemo tsa bohlankana di ka qala ho etsahala pakeng tsa dilemo tse robong le halofo le tse ka bang tse 10 le halofo. Bashemane ba bang ba qala le pele ho dilemo tseo, ha ba bang ba qala ha ba hodilenyana.
Haeba o na le boqhwala, diketsahalo tse tshwanang le tsena di tla etsahala mmeleng wa hao dilemong tsa bohlankana.
Haeba o hola o sa totobala hore o motona kapa o motshehadi, diphetoho tsa mmele wa hao di tla ya ka hore ditho tsa ka hare le tsa ka ntle tsa bong ba hao di hola jwang. Ho fumana lesedi le fetang lena ka ho hola o sa totobala hore o motona kapa o motshehadi, etela karolo ya Dintlha tse ding tse buang ka ho hola o sa totobala hore o motona kapa o motshehadi.
Diphetoho tse ding tse etsahalang:
- Lentswe le a fetoha, ka dinako tse ding le 'tsamaya le ntse le kgaoha' (hoo ho bolela hore le ba tlase kapa hodimo hanghang ha motho a ntse a bua) le ho utlwahala le tebile
- Mesifa e a tiyanyana
- Mahetla a ba sepharana
- Matswele a ba maholwanyana le ho ntshofala. A ka ba bonojana kapa a ba bohloko.
- Makwalata/ditapole di qala ho hlahisa peo ya botona
- Boya bo hlaha sefahlehong, maotong le matsohong. Boya bo hlaha sefubeng le ka mahwafing le pakeng tsa maoto.
Batho ba phelang le boqhwala ba ka hloka thuso ho utlwisisa le ho laola diphetoho tse mmeleng ya bona.
Ho bohlokwa ho ela hloko hore ena ke tataiso feela - leeto la motho e mong le e mong le fapane
Typical Direction Boys
- 10½-17½ years: Growth of scrotum and testes
- 10½-18½ years: Change in voice
- 11-18½ years: Lengthening of the penis
- 11-14 years: Growth of pubic hair
- 12-17 years: Growth spurt – PEAK and change in body shape
- 13-18½ years: Growth of facial and underarms hair
Typical Direction Girls
- 10½-17½ years: Growth of underarm hair
- 12-16½ years: Change in body shape
- 12½-16½ years: Adult breast size
- 8½-13 years: Breast budding
- 8½-14 years: Growth of pubic hair
- 9½-14½ years: Growth spurt – PEAK
- 9½-16 years: First period (menarche)
Kaofela ha rona re feta dilemong tsa bohlankana/borwetsana ka dinako tse fapaneng. Kaofela ha rona re fapane. Sheba baphethwa ba rona ba KT Cares feela.
Ha re ntse re hola re ba le diphetoho mmeleng le maikutlong, ntho ya bohlokwa e lokelang ho hopolwa ke ho thabela mmele oo e mong le e mong wa rona a nang le oona le ho ikutlwa o o thabetse.
Ho sa kgathalatsehe hore boholo ba rona ke bo bokae kapa sebopeho sa rona se jwang, kaofela ha rona re hloka lerato le hlompho kamehla, haholoholo e tswang ho rona.
Ipotse dipotso:
- mmele wa ka o nketsetsa eng?
- ke rata eng ka mmele wa ka?
- ke eng e ikgethang ka nna?
- nka etsa eng ho thusa mmele wa ka hore o dule o le matla mme o phetse hantle?
Ho na le mefuta e meraro ya motheo ya mmele wa motho mme boholo ba rona ha re kgohlele hantle mokgahlelong o le mong. Bongata ba rona re kopantse mefuta e mmedi ya mmele.
Ba bang ba rona ba ba telele, ba bang ba ba kgutshwane, ba bang ba ba sesane, ba bang ba ba tenya. Ba bang ba rona ba na le meriri e mengata, ba bang e menyane. Ho na le dibopeho tse ngata tse fapaneng le tsa boholo bo fapaneng, mme kaofela ha tsona di tlwaelehile:
- Matheka a masesane le a tletseng
- Mahetla a sephara kapa a masesane
- Maoto le matsoho a maholo le a manyane
- Maoto a makgutshwane kapa a matelele
- Ho shahla haholo kapa hanyane
- Sebopeho sa masapo a maholwanyana kapa a manyane
Ho ikwetlisa le ho ja meroho e foreshe ho re thusa hore re dule re phetse hantle.
Mefuta e meraro e tlwaelehileng ka ho fetisisa ya mmele:
- Endomorph - tjhitjanyana le dikhefe tse bonojana, mafura a mangata a mmele
- Ectomorph - sesanyana le dikhefe hanyane
- Mesomorph - mahetla a sepharana, dihipi tse sesane, ho
Mofuta wa mmele wa rona wa motheo ha o kgone ho fetolwa. Sebopeho se ka fetolwa hanyane ka ho ja dijo tse fapaneng kapa ho ikwetlisa.
Haeba o Mofuta wa A , o ke ke wa shebahala jwaloka Mofuta wa B kapa wa C. Ho ikwetlisa haholo le ho ja dijo tsa phepo e ntle ke tsela e ntle ka ho fetisisa ya ho hlokomela boima bo lekaneng. Nahana ka mofuta wa mmele wa hao kamehla ha o nahana ka hore na o nonne kapa o mosesane haholo.
Banana ba bang ba na le matswele a maholo ha ba bang ba na le a boholo bo mahareng kapa a manyane.
Banana ba ka boela ba ba le:
- Dihips le marao a maholo kapa a manyane
- Matheka a masesane kapa a tletseng
- Mahetla a masesane kapa a sephara
- Maoto le matsoho a maholo le a manyane
- Maoto a makgutshwane kapa a matelele
- Dirope tse shahlileng kapa tse se nang mafura
- Mesifa e tiileng haholo kapa hanyane
- Masapo a maholwanyana kapa a manyane
- Difahleho tsa sebopeho se motopo, tjhitja, sekwere kapa sa pelo
Divalva – dikarolo tsa ka ntle tsa ditho tsa bosadi – le tsona di a fapana. Ho na le dibopeho le boholo bo bongata bo fapaneng: nawa e ka ba kgolwanyana kapa nyane mme malebe a ka ba makgutshwanyane kapa mateletsana. Ho fumana lesedi le fetang lena, etela karolo e buang ka Ditho tsa mmele tsa botshehadi tsa ho etsa bana (thobalano)
Dihlopheng tsa batho ba botjhaba bo bong banana ba rutwa ho sarolla malebe a bona (ho sarolla letlalo la valva). Ketso ena ha e bohloko, empa ha ho na motho ya lokelang ho qobellwa ho e etsa. Bathong ba botjhaba bo bong ba hlahloba banana ho leka ho bona hore na ba entse thobalano (tlwaelo e bitswang 'ho hlahloba borwetsana'). Ha ho na motho ya dumelletsweng ho etsa ntho efe kapa efe mmeleng wa hao ntle le tumello ya hao. Hona ho bitswa tokelo ya ho tshwara mmele ka hlompho.
Dinaheng tse ngata tsa Afrika, ho tlosa ditho tsa bong tsa banana ho etswa e le karolo ya tlwaelo ya botjhaba le sehlopha seo motho a ikamahanyang le sona ka tswalo. Ho tlosa setho sefe kapa sefe sa bong ba motho e motshehadi (setho sa ho etsa thobalano) ho sa etswe ka mabaka a bongaka ke ho tlosa setho sa bong sa motho e motshehadi hampe (FGM). Ho tlosa setho sa bong ho ka etsa hore motho a hlokahale kapa a be le mathata a moshwelella a bophelo le bohloko bo boholo. Ho tlosa setho sa bong ke tlolo ya ditokelo tsa botho tsa banana le basadi. Boholo ba dinaha bo entse hore ho tlosa setho sa bong ho se be molaong, empa ho ntse ho etsahala bananeng ba dimiliyone. Ho bohlokwa ho netefatsa hore banana ba tlositsweng ditho tsa bong ba fumane tlhokomelo e loketseng ya bophelo le hore ha ba tshehwe kapa ho tshwarwa hampe hobane mmele ya bona e sa tshwane le ya banana ba bang.
Matswele a ka ba ka dibopeho le boholo bo fapaneng. Boholo ba matswele a mme ha bo bolele hore boholo ba matswele a moradi bo tla lekana le ba matswele a hae.
Ho fedisa ditumelakgwela tse itseng
- Ho kgahlisa ho tsosang maikutlo a thobalano ha ho amane le boholo ba matswele
- Ho robala o shebile fatshe ho ke ke ha ama boholo ba matswele
- Ho apara bra ho ke ke ha ama sebopeho kapa boholo ba matswele
Dintlha tse itseng:
- Ho bohlokwa ho fumana bra e etsang hore motho a ikutlwe a phuthullohile le e lekanang hantle
- Bra e lokela ho o fa tshehetso eo o e hlokang (mohl: bra ya dipapadi)
- Matswele a bashemane le oona a a ruruha dilemong tsa bohlankana mme ka dinako tse ding a ka ba bonolo le ho ba bohloko haholo.
Ho fumana bra ya boholo bo nepahetseng
Ho fumana boholo ba bra ya hao (ka diintjhe):
- Qala ka ho metha sefuba sa hao le ho potoloha hantle ka tlasa matswele, ka diintjhi
- Kenya tshelela nomorong eo
- Haeba nomoro e aroleha ka pedi (mohl: 30, 32, 34, 46, 38, 40, jj.) boo ke boholo ba bra ya hao
- Haeba nomoro ha e arolehe ka pedi (mohl: 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, jj.) tlosa intjhi e le nngwe ho fumana boholo ba bra ya hao
Ho fumana boholo ba kopi:
- Metha ho potoloha karolo e tletseng ka ho fetisisa ya matswele a hao, ho tlhokong e nngwe ho fetela ho e nngwe (ka diintjhi)
- Haeba nomoro e le ka tlase ho boholo ba bra, boholo ba kopi ya hao ke AAA
- Haeba nomoro e tshwana le ya boholo ba bra, boholo ba kopi ya hao ke AA
- Intjhi e le 1 ho feta, boholo ba kopi ya hao ke A
- Diintjhi tse 2 ho feta, boholo ba kopi ya hao ke B
- Diintjhi tse 3 ho feta, boholo ba kopi ya hao ke C
- Diintjhi tse 4 ho feta, boholo ba kopi ya hao ke D
Bashemane ba bang ba ba telele, ba bang ba ba kgutshwane, ba bang ba ba sesane, ba bang ba ba tenya. Ba bang ba na le meriri e mengata, ba bang e menyane.
Ho na le dibopeho tse ngata tse fapaneng le tsa boholo bo fapaneng:
- Matheka a masesane kapa a tletseng
- Melala e metenya kapa e mesesane
- Mesifa e mesesane kapa e pharaletseng
- Mahetla a sephara kapa a masesane
- Maoto le matsoho a maholo le a manyane
- Maoto a makgutshwane kapa a matelele
- Masapo a maholo kapa a manyane
Botona/Dikwae le tsona di a fapana kaofela. Ho na le dibopeho tse ngata tse fapaneng le tsa boholo bo fapaneng, tse telele, tse kgutshwane, tse tenya kapa tse sesane. Botona/Dikwae di ba kgolwanyana ha di tsohelwa. Ho tshaba, ho hatsela kapa ho tshoha ho fokotsa madi a ka hara botona, ho e etsa hore ebe nyane. Ba bang ba bolotswe, ba bang ha ba a bolotswa. Ho fumana lesedi le fetang lena, etela karolo e buang ka Ditho tsa botona tsa ho etsa bana (thobalano)
Polotso ke tshebetso eo ho yona ho tloswang letlalo le ka pele le kwahetseng pento ya kwae.
Ditumelong tse ding tsa sedumedi, lesea la ngwana wa moshemane le bolotswa ha le le matsatsi a seng makae. Bathong ba botjhaba bo bong, polotso e etswa e le karolo ya bohlokwa ya ho tswa bohlankaneng ho ya bonneng. Bashemane le banna ba bang ba bolotswa tlasa mabaka a bophelo. Polotso ya banna ya bongaka e ka fokotsa kotsi ya hore banna ba tshwaetswe ke HIV nakong ya thobalano. Ho sa kgathalatsehe hore motho o bolotswe kapa tjhe, o lokela ho hlapa ditho tsa bong letsatsi le leng le le leng. Haeba ha o a bolotswa, letlalo la ka pele le lokela ho hulelwa morao ho fihla moo le tla fella ha o hlapa.
Polotso e lokela ho etswa ka boithaopo feela – ka tumello ya hao. O na le tokelo ya ho "tshwara mmele ka hlompho”. Hona ho bolela hore ha ho na motho ya ka etsang ntho efe kapa efe mmeleng wa hao ntle le tumello ya hao.